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Why are pallet racking anchors critical to the entire structure?

Time:5/6/2022

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Pallet racking anchors are mechanical fasteners used to attach a racking system to a building. Their purpose is to hold the pallet racking in place and resist continuous counter forces such as: earthquakes, wind and tipping forces caused by narrow/high racking, accidental impact forces at the bottom of the columns (i.e. from forklifts) and shear forces (horizontal reaction forces) ) reducing the restraining capacity of the racking.

If the anchors are unable to withstand these attack forces, the consequences can lead to significant bending forces on the columns, affecting the overall stability of the system and, in the worst case scenario, leading to collapse. To avoid this, it is critical to select the correct type of anchor for the different conditions and types of racks in the facility.

What common types of pallet rack anchors can be found in warehouses?

Wedge anchors are a popular type of anchor made of carbon steel, hot-dip galvanized, stainless steel or galvanized steel. These fasteners are primarily used for solid concrete and cannot be removed if you decide to rearrange your pallet racking, as doing so would damage your floor. Concrete impact anchors are anchors in the form of impact expansion and are also used in solid concrete; given their mechanical properties, they should not be installed in any other type of masonry material.

Screw anchors are a less common type of fastener found in warehouses. They are used for temporary or permanent anchoring, since they can be removed and can be installed in concrete and masonry.

Finally, we have sleeve anchors that are perfect for light to medium anchoring in concrete and masonry. Whichever type of anchor you choose, you will find a variety of diameters, lengths and thread lengths.

What size pallet rack anchor is appropriate?

A rule of thumb is that the wider the diameter and the deeper the embedment, the stronger the anchor will be. Therefore, it is important to check local building codes or have an engineer determine the bolt size given that several factors need to be considered: the size of the hole in the base plate of the column, seismic activity, and the area where the anchor is to be used. In addition, the thickness of the floor material, the mechanical properties of the floor material and the flatness of the floor should also be considered in case shims are needed.

How many anchors should a post base carry?

The ANSI/RMI standard states that all rack columns should be anchored using at least one anchor per column. Depending on the type of anchor, two anchors may be installed to prevent the column from rotating upon impact. In the event that the user is unable to properly secure the rack, it is recommended to work with the rack manufacturer's engineers to verify alternative methods of securing the system while ensuring the structure is safe for use.

Should I tighten a loose anchor?

Bolts and anchors must be properly tightened to the minimum recommended torque specified by the manufacturer. 3/8'' anchors are typically 40 foot pounds. Under-tightening will cause the anchors to fail.

Pallet rack anchors are an important part of the racking system and are involved in the support and stability of the rack. From the type of anchor, size, number and torque of each base plate; none should be overlooked when selecting the proper anchor for the identified facility. Anchor points are important and their importance should not be underestimated.